APPLIANCES & LIGHTING

How to Read an EnergyGuide Label

Make sense of the yellow EnergyGuide stickers on new appliances to accurately compare lifetime energy costs and electricity usage.

2 min read Updated Aug 19, 2026 DataWisdom
National vs Local Rates
Decoding the Yellow Sticker

In this guide

  • Locate the estimated yearly cost
  • Understand the comparison scale
  • Find the estimated yearly electricity use
  • Adjust the label for your local rate
  • Identify Energy Star certification

The yellow EnergyGuide label provides an estimate of an appliance's annual operating cost and electricity usage (kWh). However, to find your true cost, you must multiply the label's estimated kWh by your actual local electricity rate.

What is the EnergyGuide label?

The EnergyGuide label is a yellow sticker mandated by the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) on most major appliances sold in the United States. It is designed to help consumers compare the long-term operating costs of different models before making a purchase.

Key features of the label

When you look at an EnergyGuide label, pay attention to these four primary areas:

  • Estimated Yearly Operating Cost: The large dollar amount in the center. This is based on a national average electricity rate.
  • Comparison Scale: A bar graph showing how this model compares to similar models. The left side represents the lowest operating cost in the category, and the right side represents the highest.
  • Estimated Yearly Electricity Use (kWh): Usually located near the bottom of the label. This is the most important number on the sticker, representing the total kilowatt-hours the appliance is expected to use in a year.
  • Energy Star Logo: If the appliance is highly efficient, the Energy Star logo will appear in the bottom right corner.

Adjusting the cost for your local rate

The large dollar amount on the sticker can be highly misleading. The FTC uses a national average electricity rate (often around 12 to 14 cents per kWh depending on the year the label was printed) to calculate that number. If you live in an area with expensive electricity—like California or New England, where rates can exceed 30 cents per kWh—the appliance will cost you significantly more to run.

True Annual Cost
Estimated Yearly Electricity Use (kWh) × Your Local Electricity Rate

Definitions

  • Estimated Yearly Electricity Use: The kWh number found on the yellow label.
  • Your Local Electricity Rate: Your actual effective rate per kWh, found on your utility bill.

Example

If the label says 400 kWh, and your local rate is $0.25/kWh, your true annual cost is $100—not the $48 printed on the sticker.

Worked adjustment example

A shopper in Boston is looking at a new refrigerator. The yellow label prominently displays an "Estimated Yearly Operating Cost" of $55, based on a national average rate of $0.12/kWh. However, the shopper pays $0.28/kWh. The label also notes the appliance uses 460 kWh per year.

Worked Example
Scenario: Adjusting a $55 EnergyGuide label (based on $0.12/kWh) to a local Boston rate of $0.28/kWh using the label's 460 kWh estimate.
Illustrative EnergyGuide Adjustment
Metric Label Value Local Value
Estimated Annual kWh 460 kWh 460 kWh
Electricity Rate $0.12 (National Avg) $0.28 (Boston Rate)
Estimated Annual Cost $55.00 $128.80
Takeaway: The shopper's true operating cost is $128.80 per year, which is more than double the cost printed on the yellow sticker.
Note: This calculation assumes the shopper's household uses the refrigerator in exactly the same manner as the standardized federal testing environment.

Limitations to consider

The kWh usage printed on the label is derived from standardized laboratory testing. Your real-world usage will vary. For example, the washing machine label assumes a specific number of loads per week. If you have a large family and run the washer every day, your actual kWh consumption will be higher than the label's estimate.

For more information on our calculations, please read our Methodology and Disclaimer.

APPLIANCES & LIGHTING QUESTIONS

Frequently Asked Questions

Find answers about this topic, calculated estimates, and related concepts.

Read our calculation methodology →

WHAT YOU WILL FIND HERE

  • Direct explanations
  • Short illustrative calculations
  • Links to relevant calculators and guides
Is the EnergyGuide label required?
Yes. The FTC requires the yellow EnergyGuide label to be displayed on most major appliances, including refrigerators, dishwashers, washing machines, and air conditioners.
Does the label show my exact energy cost?
No. The cost on the label is based on a national average electricity rate. If your local electricity rate is higher than the national average, your actual cost to run the appliance will be higher.
Where do I find the actual energy usage?
Look for the number followed by 'kWh' (kilowatt-hours). This represents the estimated total electricity the appliance will consume in one year under standard testing conditions.
Are all appliances with yellow labels Energy Star certified?
No. The yellow label is mandatory for all models. The Energy Star logo is only added to the label if the appliance exceeds federal efficiency standards by a set margin.
Looking for a question that is not covered here? Contact DataWisdom.
NEXT STEP

Calculate Your True Appliance Cost

Take the 'Estimated Yearly Electricity Use' (kWh) from the yellow label and multiply it by your actual local electricity rate to find your true cost.